Herbifame, una solución ecológica y sostenible para el control de arvenses en la Agricultura Urbana
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
El Herbifame es un herbicida natural, pre emergente, no selectivo, creado
en la Facultad Agropecuaria de Montaña del Escambray (FAME) de la UNISS, a
partir de extractos acuosos de las hojas (acículas) del Pino macho (Pinus caribaea
Morelet). Se evaluó el comportamiento de dicho producto en canteros del
organopónico “Bellezas Productivas”, sin cultivo hortícola, perteneciente a la
Agricultura Urbana del municipio de Trinidad, SS, donde se estudió el
comportamiento del banco de diáspora (frutos y semillas) de las arvenses. Para
ellos se utilizaron 5 tratamientos con 3 repeticiones. Dichos tratamientos con el
Herbifame fueron, 8, 6, 2 meses y fresco (2 días) de elaborado, más el testigo,
haciendo 2 aplicaciones, una al momento de preparar las parcelas y el otro a los 3
días. Una vez transcurridos 4 semanas, se procedió a preparar nuevamente el
cantero y aplicar solo agua, con el objetivo de comprobar el estado del banco de
diásporas de arvenses. El inventario de las especies brotadas, en ambos ensayos,
se realizó semanalmente durante un mes respectivamente. Los resultados
obtenidos demostraron que el Herbifame controló significativamente las arvenses,
tanto Monocotiledóneas como Dicotiledóneas, al comparar con el testigo, sin que
influyera la fecha de su elaboración. De la misma forma, se comprobó que
disminuyó el banco de diásporas con solo dos aplicaciones del producto.
Herbifame is a natural, pre-emerging, non-selective herbicide, created at the Escambray Mountain Agricultural Faculty (FAME) of UNISS, from aqueous extracts of the leaves (needles) of the Male Pine (Pinus caribaea Morelet). The behavior of said product was evaluated in beds of the organoponic “Bellezas Productivas”, without horticultural cultivation, belonging to the Urban Agriculture of the municipality of Trinidad, SS, where the behavior of the diaspora bank (fruits and seeds) of the weeds was studied. For them, 5 treatments with 3 repetitions were used. These treatments with Herbifame were 8, 6, 2 months and fresh (2 days) after preparation, plus the control, making 2 applications, one at the time of preparing the plots and the other after 3 days. Once 4 weeks had passed, the bed was prepared again and only water was applied, with the aim of checking the state of the weed diaspore bank. The inventory of the sprouted species, in both trials, was carried out weekly for a month respectively. The results obtained demonstrated that Herbifame significantly controlled weeds, both Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous, when compared to the control, without the date of its preparation influencing. In the same way, it was found that the diaspora bank decreased with only two applications of the product
Herbifame is a natural, pre-emerging, non-selective herbicide, created at the Escambray Mountain Agricultural Faculty (FAME) of UNISS, from aqueous extracts of the leaves (needles) of the Male Pine (Pinus caribaea Morelet). The behavior of said product was evaluated in beds of the organoponic “Bellezas Productivas”, without horticultural cultivation, belonging to the Urban Agriculture of the municipality of Trinidad, SS, where the behavior of the diaspora bank (fruits and seeds) of the weeds was studied. For them, 5 treatments with 3 repetitions were used. These treatments with Herbifame were 8, 6, 2 months and fresh (2 days) after preparation, plus the control, making 2 applications, one at the time of preparing the plots and the other after 3 days. Once 4 weeks had passed, the bed was prepared again and only water was applied, with the aim of checking the state of the weed diaspore bank. The inventory of the sprouted species, in both trials, was carried out weekly for a month respectively. The results obtained demonstrated that Herbifame significantly controlled weeds, both Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous, when compared to the control, without the date of its preparation influencing. In the same way, it was found that the diaspora bank decreased with only two applications of the product