Efecto de dos pretratamientos alcalinos en la hidrolisis anaerobia de la paja de arroz
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Abstract
El arroz (Oryza sativa) es un alimento básico importante para aproximadamente la
mitad de la población mundial. Además de los granos, la paja de arroz también se
puede usar si no se necesita como fertilizante orgánico para los campos. Aunque la
paja de arroz tiene el potencial de utilizarse para la digestión anaerobia (DA) para
producir biogás, su aplicación a gran escala aún es limitada. La utilización de la paja de
arroz para la DA debe desarrollarse particularmente en lo que respecta al
pretratamiento de la lignina para el proceso de hidrólisis y el rendimiento y la calidad del
biogás. Entre los métodos de pretratamiento, se ha comprobado que la alcalinización es
la más efectiva. En el presente estudio, se investigaron los efectos del pretratamiento de la paja de arroz en un enfoque multifactorial. Para ello se aplicaron el hidróxido de
calcio (Ca(OH)2) y el hidróxido de potasio (KOH) a diferentes concentraciones. Además,
el tiempo de reacción y la relación de inoculo/sustrato se incluyeron en la investigación.
El mayor rendimiento de la hidrólisis se observó a un tiempo de reacción de 4 h, con
una concentración de álcali de 10 g/g de materia seca y una relación de inóculo sustrato
del 50 %. También, la máxima concentración de los ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV)
alcanzada fue de 187±30 mg L-1. Los resultados mostraron que el pretratamiento de la
paja de arroz vale la pena para mejorar la DA y aumentar el rendimiento del biogás.
Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple food for approximately half of the world population. In addition to the grains, also the straw can be used if not needed as organic fertilizer for the fields. Although rice straw has potential to be used for anaerobic digestion (AD) to produce biogas, its large-scale application is still limited. The utilization of rice straw for AD must particularly be developed regarding the pretreatment of the lignin biomass for the hydrolysis process and the biogas yield and quality. Among the pretreatment methods, the alkalization method was found to be effective. In the present research the effects of rice straw pretreatment were analyzed following a multifactorial approach. For this purpose, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were applied at different concentrations. Furthermore, the reaction time and inoculum-to-substrate ratio were included as part of the study. The highest hydrolysis yield was observed at a reaction time of 4 h, with an alkali concentration of 10 g per g rice dry matter, and an inoculum-to-substrate ratio of 50%. Here also the maximum concentration of volatile fatty acids was observed with 187±30 mg L-1. The results showed that the additional effort of a pretreatment of rice straw can be worthwhile to improve the AD and to increase the biogas yield.
Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple food for approximately half of the world population. In addition to the grains, also the straw can be used if not needed as organic fertilizer for the fields. Although rice straw has potential to be used for anaerobic digestion (AD) to produce biogas, its large-scale application is still limited. The utilization of rice straw for AD must particularly be developed regarding the pretreatment of the lignin biomass for the hydrolysis process and the biogas yield and quality. Among the pretreatment methods, the alkalization method was found to be effective. In the present research the effects of rice straw pretreatment were analyzed following a multifactorial approach. For this purpose, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were applied at different concentrations. Furthermore, the reaction time and inoculum-to-substrate ratio were included as part of the study. The highest hydrolysis yield was observed at a reaction time of 4 h, with an alkali concentration of 10 g per g rice dry matter, and an inoculum-to-substrate ratio of 50%. Here also the maximum concentration of volatile fatty acids was observed with 187±30 mg L-1. The results showed that the additional effort of a pretreatment of rice straw can be worthwhile to improve the AD and to increase the biogas yield.
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Citation
Guardia Puebla, Y., Olivera López, Y., Arias Cedeño, Q., Llanes
Cedeño, E., & Eichler Löbermann, B. (enero-abril, 2021). Effect of
two chemical pretreatments in the anaerobic hydrolysis of the rice
straw. Revista Márgenes, 9(1), 20-28. Recuperado de
http://revistas.uniss.edu.cu/index.php/margenes/issue/view/1182