Orientación a gestantes para la estimulación del lenguaje oral
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
Introducción: Esta investigación reconoce la alta significación del lenguaje oral para lograr el máximo desarrollo integral posible en los tres primeros años de vida del niño; así como el papel de las familias para alcanzar este propósito.
Objetivo: Aplicar actividades de orientación a las gestantes con un enfoque preventivo-educativo para la estimulación del lenguaje oral de sus hijos de cero a tres años.
Materiales y Métodos: Se empleó como método general el dialéctico materialista y como métodos de la investigación educativa el método histórico-lógico, el analítico-sintético, el inductivo-deductivo, el análisis documental, la observación científica, la entrevista, el método experimental y la estadística descriptiva. Conformaron la muestra del estudio seis gestantes en el último trimestre de embarazo.
Resultados y Discusión: El diagnóstico realizado permitió identificar las principales fortalezas y debilidades del proceso de orientación a las gestantes para la estimulación del lenguaje oral y en base a este resultado se diseñaron y aplicaron 10 actividades preventivo-educativas; utilizando tanto las vías directas (charlas educativas) como indirectas (plegable). Su valoración mediante pre experimento pedagógico permitió corroborar su efectividad en la realidad educativa.
Conclusiones: Los principales cambios se verificaron en un aumento de los conocimientos de las participantes acerca del lenguaje oral, las etapas de formación, las características de cada etapa, las señales de alarma y los procederes para la estimulación del lenguaje oral en niños de 0 a 3 años en el contexto familiar.
Introduction: This research recognizes the high significance of oral language to achieve the maximum possible comprehensive development in the first three years of a child's life; as well as the role of families to achieve this purpose. Objective: Apply guidance activities to pregnant women with a preventive-educational approach to stimulate the oral language of their children from zero to three years old. Materials and Methods: The materialist dialectical method was used as a general method and the historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis, scientific observation, interview, experimental method and educational research methods were used. descriptive statistics. The study sample consisted of six pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy. Results and Discussion: The diagnosis carried out allowed us to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the orientation process for pregnant women for the stimulation of oral language and based on this result, 10 preventive-educational activities were designed and applied; using both direct (educational talks) and indirect (folding) routes. Its evaluation through a pedagogical pre-experiment allowed us to corroborate its effectiveness in educational reality. Conclusions: The main changes were verified in an increase in the participants' knowledge about oral language, the stages of formation, the characteristics of each stage, the alarm signals and the procedures for stimulating oral language in children from 0 to 10 years. 3 years in the family context.
Introduction: This research recognizes the high significance of oral language to achieve the maximum possible comprehensive development in the first three years of a child's life; as well as the role of families to achieve this purpose. Objective: Apply guidance activities to pregnant women with a preventive-educational approach to stimulate the oral language of their children from zero to three years old. Materials and Methods: The materialist dialectical method was used as a general method and the historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis, scientific observation, interview, experimental method and educational research methods were used. descriptive statistics. The study sample consisted of six pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy. Results and Discussion: The diagnosis carried out allowed us to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the orientation process for pregnant women for the stimulation of oral language and based on this result, 10 preventive-educational activities were designed and applied; using both direct (educational talks) and indirect (folding) routes. Its evaluation through a pedagogical pre-experiment allowed us to corroborate its effectiveness in educational reality. Conclusions: The main changes were verified in an increase in the participants' knowledge about oral language, the stages of formation, the characteristics of each stage, the alarm signals and the procedures for stimulating oral language in children from 0 to 10 years. 3 years in the family context.