Diseño de un filtro para la reducción de h2s presente en una corriente de biogás
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Abstract
El biogás es una de las energías renovables más accesible, dada la facilidad de su
obtención. Su uso para la generación de electricidad y la cocción de alimentos, es una
alternativa viable al desarrollo energético sostenible. El presente trabajo se lleva a cabo
con el objetivo de diseñar un filtro con carbón activado a escala de laboratorio, capaz de
reducir las concentraciones hasta 10 ppm de sulfuro de hidrógeno en corrientes de
biogás provenientes de residuales ganaderos, de manera que, si este brinda buenos resultados, pueda ser utilizado en un futuro no muy lejano, para la cocción de alimentos
como uso final.
Los métodos empleados para el diseño incluyeron las propiedades del material
adsorbente, las características del biogás y los principales parámetros de diseño para
torres de carbón activado. El filtro propuesto posee un volumen de 0,0183 m3 (18,3 L)
para manejar un flujo máximo de biogás de 20 m3/d, lo cual provocó un valor de
pérdidas por caída de presión del fluido a través del lecho, de 0,0597 Pa.
El resultado alcanzado fue satisfactorio, pues se obtuvo un biogás con las
características adecuadas para su uso final.
The path towards a development based on sustainable energy has increasingly maximized the use of renewable energy sources like biogas for the generation of electricity and for cooking food. Biogas composition mainly consists of methane (40- 75%), carbon dioxide (15-60%) and trace elements such as water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide and other organic volatile compounds. The analyzed biogas is intended to be used for cooking food, for which the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was reduced to 10 ppm, an established parameter to prevent corrosion in kitchen stoves and avoid damage to human health. Currently, various technological advancements have been developed for the removal of this compound from biogas streams, among which adsorption filters with activated carbon can be mentioned. In this article, a filter was designed to reduce the H2S concentration in a biogas stream from livestock waste. The applied methods included the properties of the adsorbent material, the characteristics of the biogas and the main parameters for the design of activated carbon towers. The proposed filter has a volume of 0.0183 m3 (18.3 L) to handle a maximum flow of biogas of 20 m3 / d, which caused a loss of 0,0597 Pa due to a drop in the fluid pressure through the bed. The design´s result was satisfactory, since a biogas was obtained with the appropriate characteristics for its final use.
The path towards a development based on sustainable energy has increasingly maximized the use of renewable energy sources like biogas for the generation of electricity and for cooking food. Biogas composition mainly consists of methane (40- 75%), carbon dioxide (15-60%) and trace elements such as water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide and other organic volatile compounds. The analyzed biogas is intended to be used for cooking food, for which the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was reduced to 10 ppm, an established parameter to prevent corrosion in kitchen stoves and avoid damage to human health. Currently, various technological advancements have been developed for the removal of this compound from biogas streams, among which adsorption filters with activated carbon can be mentioned. In this article, a filter was designed to reduce the H2S concentration in a biogas stream from livestock waste. The applied methods included the properties of the adsorbent material, the characteristics of the biogas and the main parameters for the design of activated carbon towers. The proposed filter has a volume of 0.0183 m3 (18.3 L) to handle a maximum flow of biogas of 20 m3 / d, which caused a loss of 0,0597 Pa due to a drop in the fluid pressure through the bed. The design´s result was satisfactory, since a biogas was obtained with the appropriate characteristics for its final use.
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Carbonell Sorí, L., López González, L. M., & Hermida García O.
(mayo-agosto, 2020). Diseño de un filtro para la reducción de
H2S presente en una corriente de biogás. Revista Márgenes,
8(2), 1-19. Recuperado de
http://revistas.uniss.edu.cu/index.php/margenes/issue/view/1117