Estimulación de la formación de la inteligencia emocional en escolares de segundo grado de la Escuela Primaria
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
La investigación se centra en la estimulación de la formación de la inteligencia
emocional en escolares de segundo grado, un periodo crucial en el desarrollo
de habilidades socioemocionales. Se reconoce la importancia de la inteligencia
emocional, no solo para el bienestar individual, sino también como un pilar
fundamental para el éxito académico y social. La investigación, a través de un
enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, explora la aplicación de estrategias
innovadoras para estimular la formación de la inteligencia emocional en este
grupo de edad. Se analizan las necesidades específicas de los niños de
segundo grado, sus capacidades y desafíos en el manejo de emociones, y se
diseñan actividades lúdicas, trabajo en equipo y el uso de herramientas
socioemocionales para la promoción de la empatía, la autorregulación
emocional, la conciencia social y el manejo de la frustración. El estudio se
desarrolla en tres etapas: la primera, un análisis bibliográfico sobre la
inteligencia emocional en escolares de 7 u 8 años de edad, la importancia de su
desarrollo en el contexto escolar y las herramientas existentes para su
estimulación. La segunda etapa consiste en la aplicación y análisis de métodos,
técnicas e instrumentos para evaluar la inteligencia emocional, y la tercera
etapa, consiste en el diseño y aplicación de un sistema de actividades de
orientación educativa para estimular la formación de la inteligencia emocional
en escolares de segundo grado, que constituye el objetivo de esta investigación.
Se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadístico-matemático para llevar
a cabo la investigación, la cual tuvo lugar en la Escuela Primaria Máximo Gómez
Báez. Se emplearon técnicas psicopedagógicas como el test del cuarto excluido
y la técnica de los diez deseos. Se espera que este trabajo sirva como una guía
para la educación en la inteligencia emocional, contribuyendo al desarrollo
integral de los niños y a la creación de un ambiente escolar más positivo y
enriquecedor.
The research focuses on the stimulation of emotional intelligence formation in second grade schoolchildren, a crucial period in the development of socialemotional skills. It recognises the importance of emotional intelligence, not only for individual well-being, but also as a fundamental pillar for academic and social success. The research, through a qualitative and quantitative approach, explores the application of innovative strategies to stimulate the formation of emotional intelligence in this age group. The specific needs of second graders, their abilities and challenges in managing emotions are analyzed, and play activities, teamwork and the use of socio-emotional tools are designed to promote empathy, emotional self-regulation, social awareness and frustration management. The study is developed in three stages: the first, a bibliographical analysis of emotional intelligence in schoolchildren aged 7 or 8, the importance of its development in the school context and the existing tools for its stimulation. The second stage consisted of the application and analysis of methods, techniques and instruments to evaluate emotional intelligence, and the third stage consisted of the design and application of a system of educational guidance activities to stimulate the development of emotional intelligence in second grade schoolchildren, which is the objective of this research. Theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical methods were used to carry out the research, which took place in the Máximo Gómez Báez Primary School. Psychopedagogical techniques such as the excluded room test and the ten wishes technique were used. It is hoped that this work will serve as a guide for education in emotional intelligence, contributing to the integral development of children and the creation of a more positive and enriching school environment.
The research focuses on the stimulation of emotional intelligence formation in second grade schoolchildren, a crucial period in the development of socialemotional skills. It recognises the importance of emotional intelligence, not only for individual well-being, but also as a fundamental pillar for academic and social success. The research, through a qualitative and quantitative approach, explores the application of innovative strategies to stimulate the formation of emotional intelligence in this age group. The specific needs of second graders, their abilities and challenges in managing emotions are analyzed, and play activities, teamwork and the use of socio-emotional tools are designed to promote empathy, emotional self-regulation, social awareness and frustration management. The study is developed in three stages: the first, a bibliographical analysis of emotional intelligence in schoolchildren aged 7 or 8, the importance of its development in the school context and the existing tools for its stimulation. The second stage consisted of the application and analysis of methods, techniques and instruments to evaluate emotional intelligence, and the third stage consisted of the design and application of a system of educational guidance activities to stimulate the development of emotional intelligence in second grade schoolchildren, which is the objective of this research. Theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical methods were used to carry out the research, which took place in the Máximo Gómez Báez Primary School. Psychopedagogical techniques such as the excluded room test and the ten wishes technique were used. It is hoped that this work will serve as a guide for education in emotional intelligence, contributing to the integral development of children and the creation of a more positive and enriching school environment.