La educación de escolares primarios para el empleo de una comunicación asertiva
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
Introducción: La comunicación es un proceso fundamental en la vida cotidiana y es esencial para el desarrollo humano y la convivencia pacífica y armoniosa en la sociedad.
Objetivo: Aplicar actividades con enfoque preventivo para el desarrollo de la comunicación asertiva en escolares de quinto grado en el contexto áulico de la escuela primaria.
Materiales y Métodos: Se empleó como método general el dialéctico materialista y como métodos de la investigación educativa, se aplicaron métodos teóricos (histórico- lógico, analítico- sintético, inductivo- deductivo), métodos empíricos (observación científica, entrevistas, pre- experimento pedagógico), como método estadístico se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y el cálculo porcentual. Conformaron la población del estudio diez escolares de quinto grado que presentan una comunicación agresiva.
Resultados y Discusión: La aplicación de los instrumentos para el diagnóstico constató dificultades en el lenguaje verbal y no verbal siendo inapropiado en la mayoría de las situaciones, con poca motivación, interés y compromiso por ejercer cambios en su práctica comunicativa, lo que dificultó la solución de conflictos. En base a este resultado se diseñaron y aplicaron 10 actividades las cuales favorecieron la reflexión y el debate siempre a partir del respeto y la empatía.
Conclusiones: La aplicación de las actividades con enfoque preventivo diseñadas demostró su efectividad en la práctica educativa al transformar los indicadores evaluados.
Introduction: Communication is a fundamental process in daily life and is essential for human development and peaceful and harmonious coexistence in society. Aims: Apply activities with a preventive approach for the development of assertive communication in fifth grade students in the primary school classroom context. Materials and methods: The materialist dialectic was used as a general method and as methods of educational research, theoretical methods were applied (historical- logical, analytical- synthetic, inductive- deductive), emperical methods (scientific observation, interviews, pre- pedagogical experiment), as a statistical method descriptive statistics and percentage calculation were used. The study population consisted of ten fifth graders who present aggressive communication. Results and discussion: The application of the instruments for the diagnosis found difficulties in verbal and non- verbal language, being inappropriate in most situations, with little motivation, interest and commitment to make changes in their communicative practice, which makes conflict resolution difficult. Based on this result, 10 activities were designed and applied which encouraged reflection and debate, always based on respect and empathy. Conclusions: The application of the activities with a preventive focus designed demonstrated their effectiveness in educational practice by transforming the evaluated indicators.
Introduction: Communication is a fundamental process in daily life and is essential for human development and peaceful and harmonious coexistence in society. Aims: Apply activities with a preventive approach for the development of assertive communication in fifth grade students in the primary school classroom context. Materials and methods: The materialist dialectic was used as a general method and as methods of educational research, theoretical methods were applied (historical- logical, analytical- synthetic, inductive- deductive), emperical methods (scientific observation, interviews, pre- pedagogical experiment), as a statistical method descriptive statistics and percentage calculation were used. The study population consisted of ten fifth graders who present aggressive communication. Results and discussion: The application of the instruments for the diagnosis found difficulties in verbal and non- verbal language, being inappropriate in most situations, with little motivation, interest and commitment to make changes in their communicative practice, which makes conflict resolution difficult. Based on this result, 10 activities were designed and applied which encouraged reflection and debate, always based on respect and empathy. Conclusions: The application of the activities with a preventive focus designed demonstrated their effectiveness in educational practice by transforming the evaluated indicators.