Compensación de la disgrafia en escolares con lateralidad
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
Introducción. La escritura es una forma básica de comunicación lingüística que
posibilita los demás aprendizajes. Sin embargo, en algunas ocasiones se ve
afectada por la aparición de disgrafia óptico espacial en escolares con
lateralidad cruzada lo que afecta este proceso. En consecuencia, el logopeda
debe planificar actividades logopédicas que permitan la compensación de dicha
dificultad.
Objetivo. Aplicar actividades logopédicas para compensar la disgrafia óptico
espacial en escolares con lateralidad cruzada que cursan el segundo grado en
la escuela primaria Máximo Gómez Báez del municipio Sancti Spíritus.
Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron en la investigación diferentes métodos
investigativos: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo,
observación científica, entrevista, prueba pedagógica y pre-experimento y
como método estadístico se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y el análisis
porcentual.
Resultados y discusión. Se constató con la aplicación de los instrumentos para
el diagnóstico que los escolares objeto de investigación sustituyen e invierten
grafemas p-b, g-q, b-d. Presentan macrografía, escritura en espejo de
números. Dificultades al establecer las representaciones espaciales y falta de
atención hacia las actividades de escritura.
Conclusiones. La aplicación de la propuesta en la práctica educativa de la
escuela primaria Máximo Gómez Báez permitió comprobar su efectividad,
mediante la implementación de un pre-experimento pedagógico.
Introduction. Writing is a basic form of linguistic communication that makes other learning possible. However, on some occasions it is affected by the appearance of optic-spatial dysgraphia in schoolchildren with crossed laterality, which affects this process. Consequently, the speech therapist must plan speech therapy activities that allow compensation for this difficulty. Aim. Apply speech therapy activities to compensate for optical-spatial dysgraphia in schoolchildren with crossed laterality who attend second grade at the Máximo Gómez Báez primary school in the Sancti Spíritus municipality. Materials and methods. Different investigative methods were used in the research: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, scientific observation, interview, pedagogical test and pre-experiment and descriptive statistics and percentage analysis were used as statistical methods. Results and discussion. It was confirmed with the application of the diagnostic instruments that the schoolchildren under investigation substitute and invert graphemes p-b, g-q, b-d. They present macrography, mirror writing of numbers. Difficulties in establishing spatial representations and lack of attention to writing activities. Conclusions. The application of the proposal in the educational practice of the Máximo Gómez Báez primary school allowed us to verify its effectiveness, through the implementation of a pedagogical pre-experiment.
Introduction. Writing is a basic form of linguistic communication that makes other learning possible. However, on some occasions it is affected by the appearance of optic-spatial dysgraphia in schoolchildren with crossed laterality, which affects this process. Consequently, the speech therapist must plan speech therapy activities that allow compensation for this difficulty. Aim. Apply speech therapy activities to compensate for optical-spatial dysgraphia in schoolchildren with crossed laterality who attend second grade at the Máximo Gómez Báez primary school in the Sancti Spíritus municipality. Materials and methods. Different investigative methods were used in the research: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, scientific observation, interview, pedagogical test and pre-experiment and descriptive statistics and percentage analysis were used as statistical methods. Results and discussion. It was confirmed with the application of the diagnostic instruments that the schoolchildren under investigation substitute and invert graphemes p-b, g-q, b-d. They present macrography, mirror writing of numbers. Difficulties in establishing spatial representations and lack of attention to writing activities. Conclusions. The application of the proposal in the educational practice of the Máximo Gómez Báez primary school allowed us to verify its effectiveness, through the implementation of a pedagogical pre-experiment.