Compensación de la dislexia óptica en escolares de La escuela primaria
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
Introducción: En la educación primaria, momento en el cual los escolares comienzan a recibir contenidos que les serán imprescindibles en su vida escolar y cotidiana, se manifiesta la aparición de trastornos que afectan la lectura.
Objetivo: Proponer actividades lúdicas para la compensación de la dislexia óptica en escolares de tercer grado.
Materiales y Métodos: Se empleó como método general el dialéctico materialista y como métodos de la investigación el histórico-lógico, el analítico-sintético, el inductivo deductivo, el análisis documental, la observación científica, la prueba pedagógica y la estadística descriptiva.
Resultados y Discusión: Mediante el diagnóstico se identificaron las fortalezas y debilidades de los escolares en el proceso de la lectura, en consecuencia se diseñaron actividades lúdicas, para lograr la compensación de la dislexia óptica.
Conclusiones: Para evaluar la efectividad de la propuesta se aplicó un pre-experimento pedagógico que evidencio cambios con respecto al estado de la lectura en el diagnóstico inicial, estos fueron: mejoras en el reconocimiento fonemas-grafemas, la lectura de sílabas, palabras y oraciones donde aparece el fonema afectado y un mayor interés hacia la lectura.
Introduction: In primary education, when students begin to learn essential reading content in their school and daily lives, reading disorders begin to emerge. Objective: To propose recreational activities to compensate for optical dyslexia in third-grade students. Materials and Methods: The general method used was dialectical materialism, and the research methods used were historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis, scientific observation, pedagogical testing, and descriptive statistics. Results and Discussion: Through the diagnostic approach, the students' strengths and weaknesses in the reading process were identified. Recreational activities were then designed to compensate for optical dyslexia. Conclusions: To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposal, a pedagogical pre-experiment was applied, which revealed changes compared to the reading status at the initial diagnosis. These were: improvements in phoneme-grapheme recognition, reading syllables, words, and sentences where the affected phoneme appears, and increased interest in reading.
Introduction: In primary education, when students begin to learn essential reading content in their school and daily lives, reading disorders begin to emerge. Objective: To propose recreational activities to compensate for optical dyslexia in third-grade students. Materials and Methods: The general method used was dialectical materialism, and the research methods used were historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, documentary analysis, scientific observation, pedagogical testing, and descriptive statistics. Results and Discussion: Through the diagnostic approach, the students' strengths and weaknesses in the reading process were identified. Recreational activities were then designed to compensate for optical dyslexia. Conclusions: To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposal, a pedagogical pre-experiment was applied, which revealed changes compared to the reading status at the initial diagnosis. These were: improvements in phoneme-grapheme recognition, reading syllables, words, and sentences where the affected phoneme appears, and increased interest in reading.