La compensación del retraso del lenguaje oral en educandos con discapacidad intelectual leve
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Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez"
Abstract
Introducción: El lenguaje se considera una de las condiciones humanas más importantes, el hablar de un modo claro y comprensible constituye un requisito fundamental para la vida útil. La estimulación del lenguaje oral es una tarea cardinal para maestros, logopedas y familia
Objetivo: Aplicar actividades logopédicas dirigidas a la compensación del retraso del lenguaje oral en educados con discapacidad intelectual leve de la Escuela Camilo Hernández Carmona.
Materiales y métodos: Se aplicaron métodos del nivel teórico (analítico-sintético; inductivo-deductivo e histórico-lógico); del nivel empírico (análisis documental, exploración logopédica y observación científica); del nivel estadístico y procedimientos matemáticos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para detallar los cambios observados en la población. Se empleó el cálculo porcentual durante el análisis de los datos aportados por los instrumentos.
Resultados y discusión: El diagnóstico realizado permitió identificar las principales fortalezas y debilidades de la población objeto de investigación. Detectándose que son educandos cariñosos, educados, asisten diariamente a la escuela. Juntamente poseen debilidades con relación al lenguaje, poseen un lenguaje por debajo de su edad, no hablan en oraciones completas.
Conclusión: La aplicación de la propuesta en la práctica educativa de la escuela Camilo Hernández Carmona, permitió comprobar su efectividad, mediante la implementación de un pre-experimento pedagógico.
Palabras claves. Actividades logopédicas, discapacidad
Introduction: Language is considered done of the most important human conditions, speaking in a clear and understandable way is a fundamental requirement for useful life. The stimulation of oral language is a cardinal task for teachers, speech therapists and families. Objective: Apply speech therapy activities aimed at compensation of oral language delay in students with mild intellectual disabilities at the Camilo Hernandez Carmona School. Materials and methods: Theoretical methods were applied (analytical- synthetic, inductive- deductive and historical- logical); empirical methods were applied (documentary analysis, speech therapy exploration and scientific observation); descriptive statistics were used at the statistical level and mathematical procedures to detail the changes observed in the population. The percentage calculation was used during the analysis of the data provided by the instruments. Results and discussion: The diagnosis made it possible to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the research population. It was detected that they are caring, polite students who attend school daily. They also have weaknesses in relation to language: their language is below their age, they use gestures to communicate, and they do not speak in complete sentences. Conclusion: the application of the proposal in the educational practice of the Camilo Hernández Carmona School allowed us to verify its effectiveness through the implementation of a pedagogical pre-experiment.
Introduction: Language is considered done of the most important human conditions, speaking in a clear and understandable way is a fundamental requirement for useful life. The stimulation of oral language is a cardinal task for teachers, speech therapists and families. Objective: Apply speech therapy activities aimed at compensation of oral language delay in students with mild intellectual disabilities at the Camilo Hernandez Carmona School. Materials and methods: Theoretical methods were applied (analytical- synthetic, inductive- deductive and historical- logical); empirical methods were applied (documentary analysis, speech therapy exploration and scientific observation); descriptive statistics were used at the statistical level and mathematical procedures to detail the changes observed in the population. The percentage calculation was used during the analysis of the data provided by the instruments. Results and discussion: The diagnosis made it possible to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the research population. It was detected that they are caring, polite students who attend school daily. They also have weaknesses in relation to language: their language is below their age, they use gestures to communicate, and they do not speak in complete sentences. Conclusion: the application of the proposal in the educational practice of the Camilo Hernández Carmona School allowed us to verify its effectiveness through the implementation of a pedagogical pre-experiment.